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<div class="title">all.hpp</div>  </div>
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<a href="all_8hpp.html">Go to the documentation of this file.</a><div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00001"></a><span class="lineno">    1</span>&#160;<span class="comment">/** \file jsonv/all.hpp</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00002"></a><span class="lineno">    2</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  A head which includes all other JSON Voorhees headers.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00003"></a><span class="lineno">    3</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00004"></a><span class="lineno">    4</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Copyright (c) 2012-2015 by Travis Gockel. All rights reserved.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00005"></a><span class="lineno">    5</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00006"></a><span class="lineno">    6</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the Apache License</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00007"></a><span class="lineno">    7</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  as published by the Apache Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00008"></a><span class="lineno">    8</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  version.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00009"></a><span class="lineno">    9</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00010"></a><span class="lineno">   10</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \author Travis Gockel (travis@gockelhut.com)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00011"></a><span class="lineno">   11</span>&#160;<span class="comment">**/</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00012"></a><span class="lineno">   12</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#ifndef __JSONV_ALL_HPP_INCLUDED__</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00013"></a><span class="lineno">   13</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor"></span><span class="preprocessor">#define __JSONV_ALL_HPP_INCLUDED__</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00014"></a><span class="lineno">   14</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor"></span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00015"></a><span class="lineno">   15</span>&#160;<span class="keyword">namespace </span>jsonv</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00016"></a><span class="lineno">   16</span>&#160;{</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00017"></a><span class="lineno">   17</span>&#160;<span class="comment"></span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00018"></a><span class="lineno">   18</span>&#160;<span class="comment">/** \mainpage Overview</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00019"></a><span class="lineno">   19</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  JSON Voorhees is a JSON library written for the C++ programmer who wants to be productive in this modern world. What</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00020"></a><span class="lineno">   20</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  does that mean? There are a ton of JSON libraries floating around touting how they are &quot;modern&quot; C++ and so on. But</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00021"></a><span class="lineno">   21</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  who really cares? JSON Voorhees puts the focus more on the resulting C++ than any &quot;modern&quot; feature set. This means</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00022"></a><span class="lineno">   22</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  the library does not skip on string encoding details like having full support for UTF-8. Are there &quot;modern&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00023"></a><span class="lineno">   23</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  features? Sure, but this library is not meant to be a gallery of them -- a good API should get out of your way and</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00024"></a><span class="lineno">   24</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  let you work. It is hosted on &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/tgockel/json-voorhees&quot;&gt;GitHub&lt;/a&gt; and sports an Apache</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00025"></a><span class="lineno">   25</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  License, so use it anywhere you need.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00026"></a><span class="lineno">   26</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> * </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00027"></a><span class="lineno">   27</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Features include (but are not necessarily limited to):</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00028"></a><span class="lineno">   28</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00029"></a><span class="lineno">   29</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *   - Simple</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00030"></a><span class="lineno">   30</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - A `value` should not feel terribly different from a C++ Standard Library container</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00031"></a><span class="lineno">   31</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Write valid JSON with `operator&lt;&lt;`</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00032"></a><span class="lineno">   32</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Simple JSON parsing with `parse`</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00033"></a><span class="lineno">   33</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Reasonable error messages when parsing fails</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00034"></a><span class="lineno">   34</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Full support for Unicode-filled JSON (encoded in UTF-8 in C++)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00035"></a><span class="lineno">   35</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *   - Efficient</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00036"></a><span class="lineno">   36</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Minimal overhead to store values (a `value` is 16 bytes on a 64-bit platform)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00037"></a><span class="lineno">   37</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - No-throw move semantics wherever possible</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00038"></a><span class="lineno">   38</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *   - Easy</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00039"></a><span class="lineno">   39</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Convert a `value` into a C++ type using `extract&lt;T&gt;`</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00040"></a><span class="lineno">   40</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Encode a C++ type into a value using `to_json`</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00041"></a><span class="lineno">   41</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *   - Safe</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00042"></a><span class="lineno">   42</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - In the best case, illegal code should fail to compile</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00043"></a><span class="lineno">   43</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - An illegal action should throw an exception</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00044"></a><span class="lineno">   44</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Almost all utility functions have a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gotw.ca/gotw/082.htm&quot;&gt;strong exception guarantee&lt;/a&gt;.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00045"></a><span class="lineno">   45</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *   - Stable</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00046"></a><span class="lineno">   46</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Worry less about upgrading -- the API and ABI will not change out from under you</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00047"></a><span class="lineno">   47</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *   - Documented</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00048"></a><span class="lineno">   48</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Consumable by human beings</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00049"></a><span class="lineno">   49</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *     - Answers questions you might actually ask</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00050"></a><span class="lineno">   50</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00051"></a><span class="lineno">   51</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \dotfile doc/conversions.dot</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00052"></a><span class="lineno">   52</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00053"></a><span class="lineno">   53</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  JSON Voorhees is designed with ease-of-use in mind. So let&#39;s look at some code!</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00054"></a><span class="lineno">   54</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00055"></a><span class="lineno">   55</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \section demo_value The jsonv::value</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00056"></a><span class="lineno">   56</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00057"></a><span class="lineno">   57</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  The central class of JSON Voorhees is the \c jsonv::value. This class represents a JSON AST and is somewhat of a</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00058"></a><span class="lineno">   58</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  dynamic type. This can make things a little bit awkward for C++ programmers who are used to static typing. Don&#39;t</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00059"></a><span class="lineno">   59</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  worry about it -- you can learn to love it.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00060"></a><span class="lineno">   60</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00061"></a><span class="lineno">   61</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Putting values of different types is super-easy.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00062"></a><span class="lineno">   62</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00063"></a><span class="lineno">   63</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00064"></a><span class="lineno">   64</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00065"></a><span class="lineno">   65</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00066"></a><span class="lineno">   66</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00067"></a><span class="lineno">   67</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00068"></a><span class="lineno">   68</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00069"></a><span class="lineno">   69</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value x = jsonv::null;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00070"></a><span class="lineno">   70</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00071"></a><span class="lineno">   71</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      x = 5.9;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00072"></a><span class="lineno">   72</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00073"></a><span class="lineno">   73</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      x = -100;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00074"></a><span class="lineno">   74</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00075"></a><span class="lineno">   75</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      x = &quot;something else&quot;;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00076"></a><span class="lineno">   76</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00077"></a><span class="lineno">   77</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      x = jsonv::array({ &quot;arrays&quot;, &quot;of&quot;, &quot;the&quot;, 7, &quot;different&quot;, &quot;types&quot;});</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00078"></a><span class="lineno">   78</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00079"></a><span class="lineno">   79</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      x = jsonv::object({</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00080"></a><span class="lineno">   80</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                          { &quot;objects&quot;, jsonv::array({</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00081"></a><span class="lineno">   81</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                                     &quot;Are fun, too.&quot;,</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00082"></a><span class="lineno">   82</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                                     &quot;Do what you want.&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00083"></a><span class="lineno">   83</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                                   })</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00084"></a><span class="lineno">   84</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                          },</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00085"></a><span class="lineno">   85</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                          { &quot;compose like&quot;, &quot;standard library maps&quot; },</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00086"></a><span class="lineno">   86</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                       });</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00087"></a><span class="lineno">   87</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00088"></a><span class="lineno">   88</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00089"></a><span class="lineno">   89</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00090"></a><span class="lineno">   90</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00091"></a><span class="lineno">   91</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Output:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00092"></a><span class="lineno">   92</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00093"></a><span class="lineno">   93</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00094"></a><span class="lineno">   94</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  null</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00095"></a><span class="lineno">   95</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  5.9</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00096"></a><span class="lineno">   96</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  -100</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00097"></a><span class="lineno">   97</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  &quot;something else&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00098"></a><span class="lineno">   98</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  [&quot;arrays&quot;,&quot;of&quot;,&quot;the&quot;,7,&quot;different&quot;,&quot;types&quot;]</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00099"></a><span class="lineno">   99</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {&quot;compose like&quot;:&quot;standard library maps&quot;,&quot;objects&quot;:[&quot;Are fun, too.&quot;,&quot;Do what you want.&quot;]}</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00100"></a><span class="lineno">  100</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00101"></a><span class="lineno">  101</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00102"></a><span class="lineno">  102</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  If that isn&#39;t convenient enough for you, there is a user-defined literal \c _json in the \c jsonv namespace you can</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00103"></a><span class="lineno">  103</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  use</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00104"></a><span class="lineno">  104</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00105"></a><span class="lineno">  105</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00106"></a><span class="lineno">  106</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  // You can use this hideous syntax if you do not want to bring in the whole jsonv namespace:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00107"></a><span class="lineno">  107</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  using jsonv::operator&quot;&quot; _json;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00108"></a><span class="lineno">  108</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00109"></a><span class="lineno">  109</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  jsonv::value x = R&quot;({</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00110"></a><span class="lineno">  110</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                        &quot;objects&quot;: [ &quot;Are fun, too.&quot;,</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00111"></a><span class="lineno">  111</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                     &quot;Do what you want.&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00112"></a><span class="lineno">  112</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                   ],</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00113"></a><span class="lineno">  113</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                        &quot;compose like&quot;: &quot;You are just writing JSON&quot;,</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00114"></a><span class="lineno">  114</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                        &quot;which I guess&quot;: [&quot;is&quot;, &quot;also&quot;, &quot;neat&quot;]</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00115"></a><span class="lineno">  115</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                     })&quot;_json;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00116"></a><span class="lineno">  116</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00117"></a><span class="lineno">  117</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00118"></a><span class="lineno">  118</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  JSON is dynamic, which makes value access a bit more of a hassle, but JSON Voorhees aims to make it not too</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00119"></a><span class="lineno">  119</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  horrifying for you. A \c jsonv::value has a number of accessor methods named things like \c as_integer and</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00120"></a><span class="lineno">  120</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c as_string which let you access the value as if it was that type. But what if it isn&#39;t that type? In that case,</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00121"></a><span class="lineno">  121</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  the function will throw a \c jsonv::kind_error with a bit more information as to what rule you violated.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00122"></a><span class="lineno">  122</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00123"></a><span class="lineno">  123</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00124"></a><span class="lineno">  124</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00125"></a><span class="lineno">  125</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00126"></a><span class="lineno">  126</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00127"></a><span class="lineno">  127</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00128"></a><span class="lineno">  128</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00129"></a><span class="lineno">  129</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value x = jsonv::null;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00130"></a><span class="lineno">  130</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      try</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00131"></a><span class="lineno">  131</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00132"></a><span class="lineno">  132</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          x.as_string();</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00133"></a><span class="lineno">  133</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00134"></a><span class="lineno">  134</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      catch (const jsonv::kind_error&amp; err)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00135"></a><span class="lineno">  135</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00136"></a><span class="lineno">  136</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; err.what() &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00137"></a><span class="lineno">  137</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00138"></a><span class="lineno">  138</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00139"></a><span class="lineno">  139</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      x = &quot;now make it a string&quot;;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00140"></a><span class="lineno">  140</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; x.as_string().size() &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00141"></a><span class="lineno">  141</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; x.as_string() &lt;&lt; &quot;\tis not the same as\t&quot; &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00142"></a><span class="lineno">  142</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00143"></a><span class="lineno">  143</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00144"></a><span class="lineno">  144</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00145"></a><span class="lineno">  145</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Output:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00146"></a><span class="lineno">  146</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00147"></a><span class="lineno">  147</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00148"></a><span class="lineno">  148</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Unexpected type: expected string but found null.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00149"></a><span class="lineno">  149</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  20</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00150"></a><span class="lineno">  150</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  now make it a string    is not the same as  &quot;now make it a string&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00151"></a><span class="lineno">  151</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00152"></a><span class="lineno">  152</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00153"></a><span class="lineno">  153</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  You can also deal with container types in a similar manner that you would deal with the equivalent STL container</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00154"></a><span class="lineno">  154</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  type, with some minor caveats. Because the \c value_type of a JSON object and JSON array are different, they have</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00155"></a><span class="lineno">  155</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  different iterator types in JSON Voorhees. They are aptly-named \c object_iterator and \c array_iterator. The access</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00156"></a><span class="lineno">  156</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  methods for these iterators are \c begin_object / \c end_object and \c begin_array / \c end_array, respectively.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00157"></a><span class="lineno">  157</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  The object interface behaves exactly like you would expect a \c std::map&lt;std::string,jsonv::value&gt; to, while the</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00158"></a><span class="lineno">  158</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  array interface behaves just like a \c std::deque&lt;jsonv::value&gt; would.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00159"></a><span class="lineno">  159</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00160"></a><span class="lineno">  160</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00161"></a><span class="lineno">  161</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00162"></a><span class="lineno">  162</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00163"></a><span class="lineno">  163</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00164"></a><span class="lineno">  164</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00165"></a><span class="lineno">  165</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00166"></a><span class="lineno">  166</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value x = jsonv::object({ { &quot;one&quot;, 1 }});</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00167"></a><span class="lineno">  167</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      auto iter = x.find(&quot;one&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00168"></a><span class="lineno">  168</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      if (iter != x.end_object())</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00169"></a><span class="lineno">  169</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; iter-&gt;first &lt;&lt; &quot;: &quot; &lt;&lt; iter-&gt;second &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00170"></a><span class="lineno">  170</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      else</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00171"></a><span class="lineno">  171</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Nothing...&quot; &lt;&lt; std::end;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00172"></a><span class="lineno">  172</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00173"></a><span class="lineno">  173</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      iter = x.find(&quot;two&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00174"></a><span class="lineno">  174</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      if (iter != x.end_object())</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00175"></a><span class="lineno">  175</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; iter-&gt;first &lt;&lt; &quot;: &quot; &lt;&lt; iter-&gt;second &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00176"></a><span class="lineno">  176</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      else</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00177"></a><span class="lineno">  177</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Nothing...&quot; &lt;&lt; std::end;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00178"></a><span class="lineno">  178</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00179"></a><span class="lineno">  179</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      x[&quot;two&quot;] = 2;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00180"></a><span class="lineno">  180</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      iter = x.find(&quot;two&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00181"></a><span class="lineno">  181</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      if (iter != x.end_object())</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00182"></a><span class="lineno">  182</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; iter-&gt;first &lt;&lt; &quot;: &quot; &lt;&lt; iter-&gt;second &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00183"></a><span class="lineno">  183</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      else</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00184"></a><span class="lineno">  184</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Nothing...&quot; &lt;&lt; std::end;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00185"></a><span class="lineno">  185</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00186"></a><span class="lineno">  186</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      x[&quot;two&quot;] = jsonv::array({ &quot;one&quot;, &quot;+&quot;, x.at(&quot;one&quot;) });</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00187"></a><span class="lineno">  187</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      iter = x.find(&quot;two&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00188"></a><span class="lineno">  188</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      if (iter != x.end_object())</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00189"></a><span class="lineno">  189</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; iter-&gt;first &lt;&lt; &quot;: &quot; &lt;&lt; iter-&gt;second &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00190"></a><span class="lineno">  190</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      else</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00191"></a><span class="lineno">  191</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Nothing...&quot; &lt;&lt; std::end;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00192"></a><span class="lineno">  192</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00193"></a><span class="lineno">  193</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      x.erase(&quot;one&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00194"></a><span class="lineno">  194</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      iter = x.find(&quot;one&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00195"></a><span class="lineno">  195</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      if (iter != x.end_object())</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00196"></a><span class="lineno">  196</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; iter-&gt;first &lt;&lt; &quot;: &quot; &lt;&lt; iter-&gt;second &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00197"></a><span class="lineno">  197</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      else</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00198"></a><span class="lineno">  198</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Nothing...&quot; &lt;&lt; std::end;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00199"></a><span class="lineno">  199</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00200"></a><span class="lineno">  200</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00201"></a><span class="lineno">  201</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00202"></a><span class="lineno">  202</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Output:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00203"></a><span class="lineno">  203</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00204"></a><span class="lineno">  204</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00205"></a><span class="lineno">  205</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  one: 1</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00206"></a><span class="lineno">  206</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Nothing...</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00207"></a><span class="lineno">  207</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  two: 2</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00208"></a><span class="lineno">  208</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  two: [&quot;one&quot;,&quot;+&quot;,1]</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00209"></a><span class="lineno">  209</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Nothing...</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00210"></a><span class="lineno">  210</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00211"></a><span class="lineno">  211</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00212"></a><span class="lineno">  212</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  The iterator types \e work. This means you are free to use all of the C++ things just like you would a regular</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00213"></a><span class="lineno">  213</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  container. To use a ranged-based for, simply call \c as_array or \c as_object. Everything from \c &lt;algorithm&gt; and</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00214"></a><span class="lineno">  214</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c &lt;iterator&gt; or any other library works great with JSON Voorhees. Bring those templates on!</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00215"></a><span class="lineno">  215</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00216"></a><span class="lineno">  216</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00217"></a><span class="lineno">  217</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00218"></a><span class="lineno">  218</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;algorithm&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00219"></a><span class="lineno">  219</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00220"></a><span class="lineno">  220</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00221"></a><span class="lineno">  221</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00222"></a><span class="lineno">  222</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00223"></a><span class="lineno">  223</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value arr = jsonv::array({ &quot;taco&quot;, &quot;cat&quot;, 3, -2, jsonv::null, &quot;beef&quot;, 4.8, 5 });</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00224"></a><span class="lineno">  224</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Initial: &quot;;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00225"></a><span class="lineno">  225</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      for (const auto&amp; val : arr.as_array())</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00226"></a><span class="lineno">  226</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; val &lt;&lt; &#39;\t&#39;;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00227"></a><span class="lineno">  227</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00228"></a><span class="lineno">  228</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00229"></a><span class="lineno">  229</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::sort(arr.begin_array(), arr.end_array());</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00230"></a><span class="lineno">  230</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Sorted: &quot;;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00231"></a><span class="lineno">  231</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      for (const auto&amp; val : arr.as_array())</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00232"></a><span class="lineno">  232</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; val &lt;&lt; &#39;\t&#39;;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00233"></a><span class="lineno">  233</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00234"></a><span class="lineno">  234</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00235"></a><span class="lineno">  235</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00236"></a><span class="lineno">  236</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00237"></a><span class="lineno">  237</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Output:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00238"></a><span class="lineno">  238</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00239"></a><span class="lineno">  239</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00240"></a><span class="lineno">  240</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Initial: &quot;taco&quot; &quot;cat&quot;   3   -2  null    &quot;beef&quot;  4.8   5</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00241"></a><span class="lineno">  241</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Sorted:  null   -2  3   4.8 5   &quot;beef&quot;  &quot;cat&quot;   &quot;taco&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00242"></a><span class="lineno">  242</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00243"></a><span class="lineno">  243</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00244"></a><span class="lineno">  244</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \section demo_parsing Encoding and decoding</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00245"></a><span class="lineno">  245</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00246"></a><span class="lineno">  246</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Usually, the reason people are using JSON is as a data exchange format, either for communicating with other services</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00247"></a><span class="lineno">  247</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  or storing things in a file or a database. To do this, you need to \e encode your \c json::value into an</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00248"></a><span class="lineno">  248</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c std::string and \e parse it back. JSON Voorhees makes this very easy for you.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00249"></a><span class="lineno">  249</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00250"></a><span class="lineno">  250</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00251"></a><span class="lineno">  251</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00252"></a><span class="lineno">  252</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/encode.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00253"></a><span class="lineno">  253</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/parse.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00254"></a><span class="lineno">  254</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00255"></a><span class="lineno">  255</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00256"></a><span class="lineno">  256</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;fstream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00257"></a><span class="lineno">  257</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;limits&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00258"></a><span class="lineno">  258</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00259"></a><span class="lineno">  259</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00260"></a><span class="lineno">  260</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00261"></a><span class="lineno">  261</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value obj = jsonv::object();</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00262"></a><span class="lineno">  262</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      obj[&quot;taco&quot;]  = &quot;cat&quot;;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00263"></a><span class="lineno">  263</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      obj[&quot;array&quot;] = jsonv::array({ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 });</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00264"></a><span class="lineno">  264</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      obj[&quot;infinity&quot;] = std::numeric_limits&lt;double&gt;::infinity();</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00265"></a><span class="lineno">  265</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00266"></a><span class="lineno">  266</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00267"></a><span class="lineno">  267</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Saving \&quot;file.json\&quot;... &quot; &lt;&lt; obj &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00268"></a><span class="lineno">  268</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::ofstream file(&quot;file.json&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00269"></a><span class="lineno">  269</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          file &lt;&lt; obj;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00270"></a><span class="lineno">  270</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00271"></a><span class="lineno">  271</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00272"></a><span class="lineno">  272</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value loaded;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00273"></a><span class="lineno">  273</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00274"></a><span class="lineno">  274</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Loading \&quot;file.json\&quot;...&quot;;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00275"></a><span class="lineno">  275</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          std::ifstream file(&quot;file.json&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00276"></a><span class="lineno">  276</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          loaded = jsonv::parse(file);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00277"></a><span class="lineno">  277</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00278"></a><span class="lineno">  278</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; loaded &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00279"></a><span class="lineno">  279</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00280"></a><span class="lineno">  280</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      return obj == loaded ? 0 : 1;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00281"></a><span class="lineno">  281</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00282"></a><span class="lineno">  282</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00283"></a><span class="lineno">  283</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00284"></a><span class="lineno">  284</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Output:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00285"></a><span class="lineno">  285</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00286"></a><span class="lineno">  286</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00287"></a><span class="lineno">  287</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Saving &quot;file.json&quot;... {&quot;array&quot;:[1,2,3,4,5],&quot;infinity&quot;:null,&quot;taco&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;}</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00288"></a><span class="lineno">  288</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Loading &quot;file.json&quot;...{&quot;array&quot;:[1,2,3,4,5],&quot;infinity&quot;:null,&quot;taco&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;}</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00289"></a><span class="lineno">  289</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00290"></a><span class="lineno">  290</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00291"></a><span class="lineno">  291</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  If you are paying close attention, you might have noticed that the value for the \c &quot;infinity&quot; looks a little bit</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00292"></a><span class="lineno">  292</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  more \c null than \c infinity. This is because, much like mathematicians before Anaximander, JSON has no concept of</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00293"></a><span class="lineno">  293</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  infinity, so it is actually \e illegal to serialize a token like \c infinity anywhere. By default, when an encoder</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00294"></a><span class="lineno">  294</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  encounters an unrepresentable value in the JSON it is trying to encode, it outputs \c null instead. If you wish to</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00295"></a><span class="lineno">  295</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  change this behavior, implement your own \c jsonv::encoder (or derive from \c jsonv::ostream_encoder). If you ran</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00296"></a><span class="lineno">  296</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  the example program, you might have noticed that the return code was 1, meaning the value you put into the file and</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00297"></a><span class="lineno">  297</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  what you got from it were not equal. This is because all the type and value information is still kept around in the</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00298"></a><span class="lineno">  298</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  in-memory \c obj. It is only upon encoding that information is lost.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00299"></a><span class="lineno">  299</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00300"></a><span class="lineno">  300</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Getting tired of all this compact rendering of your JSON strings? Want a little more whitespace in your life? Then</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00301"></a><span class="lineno">  301</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c jsonv::ostream_pretty_encoder is the class for you! Unlike our standard \e compact encoder, this guy will put</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00302"></a><span class="lineno">  302</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  newlines and indentation in your JSON so you can present it in a way more readable format.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00303"></a><span class="lineno">  303</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00304"></a><span class="lineno">  304</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00305"></a><span class="lineno">  305</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/encode.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00306"></a><span class="lineno">  306</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/parse.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00307"></a><span class="lineno">  307</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00308"></a><span class="lineno">  308</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00309"></a><span class="lineno">  309</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00310"></a><span class="lineno">  310</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00311"></a><span class="lineno">  311</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00312"></a><span class="lineno">  312</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00313"></a><span class="lineno">  313</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      // Make a pretty encoder and point to std::cout</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00314"></a><span class="lineno">  314</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::ostream_pretty_encoder prettifier(std::cout);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00315"></a><span class="lineno">  315</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      prettifier.encode(jsonv::parse(std::cin));</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00316"></a><span class="lineno">  316</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00317"></a><span class="lineno">  317</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00318"></a><span class="lineno">  318</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00319"></a><span class="lineno">  319</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Compile that code and you now have your own little JSON prettification program!</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00320"></a><span class="lineno">  320</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00321"></a><span class="lineno">  321</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \section serialization Serialization</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00322"></a><span class="lineno">  322</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00323"></a><span class="lineno">  323</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Most of the time, you do not want to deal with \c jsonv::value instances directly. Instead, most people prefer to</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00324"></a><span class="lineno">  324</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  convert \c jsonv::value instances into their own strong C++ \c class or \c struct. JSON Voorhees provides utilities</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00325"></a><span class="lineno">  325</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  to make this easy for you to use. At the end of the day, you should be able to create an arbitrary C++ type with</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00326"></a><span class="lineno">  326</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  &lt;tt&gt;jsonv::extract&amp;lt;my_type&amp;gt;(value)&lt;/tt&gt; and create a \c jsonv::value from your arbitrary C++ type with</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00327"></a><span class="lineno">  327</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  &lt;tt&gt;jsonv::to_json(my_instance)&lt;/tt&gt;.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00328"></a><span class="lineno">  328</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00329"></a><span class="lineno">  329</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \subsection serialization_encoding Extracting with extract</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00330"></a><span class="lineno">  330</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00331"></a><span class="lineno">  331</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Let&#39;s start with converting a \c jsonv::value into a custom C++ type with &lt;tt&gt;jsonv::extract&amp;lt;T&amp;gt;&lt;/tt&gt;.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00332"></a><span class="lineno">  332</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00333"></a><span class="lineno">  333</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00334"></a><span class="lineno">  334</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/parse.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00335"></a><span class="lineno">  335</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/serialization.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00336"></a><span class="lineno">  336</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00337"></a><span class="lineno">  337</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00338"></a><span class="lineno">  338</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00339"></a><span class="lineno">  339</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00340"></a><span class="lineno">  340</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00341"></a><span class="lineno">  341</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00342"></a><span class="lineno">  342</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value val = jsonv::parse(R&quot;({ &quot;a&quot;: 1, &quot;b&quot;: 2, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;Hello!&quot; })&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00343"></a><span class="lineno">  343</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;a=&quot; &lt;&lt; jsonv::extract&lt;int&gt;(val.at(&quot;a&quot;)) &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00344"></a><span class="lineno">  344</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;b=&quot; &lt;&lt; jsonv::extract&lt;int&gt;(val.at(&quot;b&quot;)) &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00345"></a><span class="lineno">  345</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;c=&quot; &lt;&lt; jsonv::extract&lt;std::string&gt;(val.at(&quot;c&quot;)) &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00346"></a><span class="lineno">  346</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00347"></a><span class="lineno">  347</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00348"></a><span class="lineno">  348</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00349"></a><span class="lineno">  349</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Output:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00350"></a><span class="lineno">  350</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00351"></a><span class="lineno">  351</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00352"></a><span class="lineno">  352</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  a=1</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00353"></a><span class="lineno">  353</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  b=2</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00354"></a><span class="lineno">  354</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  c=Hello!</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00355"></a><span class="lineno">  355</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00356"></a><span class="lineno">  356</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00357"></a><span class="lineno">  357</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Overall, this is not very complicated. We did not do anything that could not have been done through a little use of</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00358"></a><span class="lineno">  358</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c as_integer and \c as_string. So what is this \c extract giving us?</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00359"></a><span class="lineno">  359</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00360"></a><span class="lineno">  360</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  The real power comes in when we start talking about \c jsonv::formats. These objects provide a set of rules to</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00361"></a><span class="lineno">  361</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  encode and decode arbitrary types. So let&#39;s make a C++ \c class for our JSON object and write a special constructor</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00362"></a><span class="lineno">  362</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  for it.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00363"></a><span class="lineno">  363</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00364"></a><span class="lineno">  364</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00365"></a><span class="lineno">  365</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/parse.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00366"></a><span class="lineno">  366</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/serialization.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00367"></a><span class="lineno">  367</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/serialization_util.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00368"></a><span class="lineno">  368</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00369"></a><span class="lineno">  369</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00370"></a><span class="lineno">  370</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00371"></a><span class="lineno">  371</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00372"></a><span class="lineno">  372</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  class my_type</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00373"></a><span class="lineno">  373</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00374"></a><span class="lineno">  374</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  public:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00375"></a><span class="lineno">  375</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      my_type(const jsonv::value&amp; from, const jsonv::extraction_context&amp; context) :</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00376"></a><span class="lineno">  376</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              a(context.extract_sub&lt;int&gt;(from, &quot;a&quot;)),</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00377"></a><span class="lineno">  377</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              b(context.extract_sub&lt;int&gt;(from, &quot;b&quot;)),</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00378"></a><span class="lineno">  378</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              c(context.extract_sub&lt;std::string&gt;(from, &quot;c&quot;))</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00379"></a><span class="lineno">  379</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      { }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00380"></a><span class="lineno">  380</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00381"></a><span class="lineno">  381</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      static const jsonv::extractor* get_extractor()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00382"></a><span class="lineno">  382</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00383"></a><span class="lineno">  383</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          static jsonv::extractor_construction&lt;my_type&gt; instance;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00384"></a><span class="lineno">  384</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          return &amp;instance;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00385"></a><span class="lineno">  385</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00386"></a><span class="lineno">  386</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00387"></a><span class="lineno">  387</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      friend std::ostream&amp; operator&lt;&lt;(std::ostream&amp; os, const my_type&amp; self)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00388"></a><span class="lineno">  388</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00389"></a><span class="lineno">  389</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          return os &lt;&lt; &quot;{ a=&quot; &lt;&lt; self.a &lt;&lt; &quot;, b=&quot; &lt;&lt; self.b &lt;&lt; &quot;, c=&quot; &lt;&lt; self.c &lt;&lt; &quot; }&quot;;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00390"></a><span class="lineno">  390</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00391"></a><span class="lineno">  391</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00392"></a><span class="lineno">  392</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  private:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00393"></a><span class="lineno">  393</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      int         a;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00394"></a><span class="lineno">  394</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      int         b;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00395"></a><span class="lineno">  395</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::string c;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00396"></a><span class="lineno">  396</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  };</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00397"></a><span class="lineno">  397</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00398"></a><span class="lineno">  398</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00399"></a><span class="lineno">  399</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00400"></a><span class="lineno">  400</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::formats local_formats;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00401"></a><span class="lineno">  401</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      local_formats.register_extractor(my_type::get_extractor());</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00402"></a><span class="lineno">  402</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::formats format = jsonv::formats::compose({ jsonv::formats::defaults(), local_formats });</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00403"></a><span class="lineno">  403</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00404"></a><span class="lineno">  404</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value val = jsonv::parse(R&quot;({ &quot;a&quot;: 1, &quot;b&quot;: 2, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;Hello!&quot; })&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00405"></a><span class="lineno">  405</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      my_type x = jsonv::extract&lt;my_type&gt;(val, format);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00406"></a><span class="lineno">  406</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::ostream &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00407"></a><span class="lineno">  407</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00408"></a><span class="lineno">  408</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00409"></a><span class="lineno">  409</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00410"></a><span class="lineno">  410</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Output:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00411"></a><span class="lineno">  411</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00412"></a><span class="lineno">  412</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00413"></a><span class="lineno">  413</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  { a=1, b=2, c=Hello! }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00414"></a><span class="lineno">  414</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00415"></a><span class="lineno">  415</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00416"></a><span class="lineno">  416</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  There is a lot going on in that example, so let&#39;s take it one step at a time. First, we are creating a \c my_type</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00417"></a><span class="lineno">  417</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  object to store our values, which is nice. Then, we gave it a funny-looking constructor:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00418"></a><span class="lineno">  418</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00419"></a><span class="lineno">  419</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00420"></a><span class="lineno">  420</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      my_type(const jsonv::value&amp; from, const jsonv::extraction_context&amp; context) :</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00421"></a><span class="lineno">  421</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              a(context.extract_sub&lt;int&gt;(from, &quot;a&quot;)),</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00422"></a><span class="lineno">  422</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              b(context.extract_sub&lt;int&gt;(from, &quot;b&quot;)),</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00423"></a><span class="lineno">  423</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              c(context.extract_sub&lt;std::string&gt;(from, &quot;c&quot;))</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00424"></a><span class="lineno">  424</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      { }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00425"></a><span class="lineno">  425</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00426"></a><span class="lineno">  426</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00427"></a><span class="lineno">  427</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  This is an &lt;i&gt;extracting constructor&lt;/i&gt;. All that means is that it has those two arguments: a \c jsonv::value and</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00428"></a><span class="lineno">  428</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  a \c jsonv::extraction_context. The \c jsonv::extraction_context is an optional, but extremely helpful class. Inside</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00429"></a><span class="lineno">  429</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  the constructor, we use the \c jsonv::extraction_context to access the values of the incoming JSON object in order</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00430"></a><span class="lineno">  430</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  to build our object.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00431"></a><span class="lineno">  431</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00432"></a><span class="lineno">  432</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00433"></a><span class="lineno">  433</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      static const jsonv::extractor* get_extractor()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00434"></a><span class="lineno">  434</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00435"></a><span class="lineno">  435</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          static jsonv::extractor_construction&lt;my_type&gt; instance;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00436"></a><span class="lineno">  436</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          return &amp;instance;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00437"></a><span class="lineno">  437</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00438"></a><span class="lineno">  438</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00439"></a><span class="lineno">  439</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00440"></a><span class="lineno">  440</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  A \c jsonv::extractor is a type that knows how to take a \c jsonv::value and create some C++ type out of it. In this</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00441"></a><span class="lineno">  441</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  case, we are creating a \c jsonv::extractor_construction, which is a subtype that knows how to call the constructor</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00442"></a><span class="lineno">  442</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  of a type. There are all sorts of \c jsonv::extractor implementations in \c jsonv/serialization.hpp, so you should</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00443"></a><span class="lineno">  443</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  be able to find one that fits your needs.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00444"></a><span class="lineno">  444</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00445"></a><span class="lineno">  445</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00446"></a><span class="lineno">  446</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::formats local_formats;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00447"></a><span class="lineno">  447</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      local_formats.register_extractor(my_type::get_extractor());</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00448"></a><span class="lineno">  448</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::formats format = jsonv::formats::compose({ jsonv::formats::defaults(), local_formats });</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00449"></a><span class="lineno">  449</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00450"></a><span class="lineno">  450</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00451"></a><span class="lineno">  451</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Now things are starting to get interesting. The \c jsonv::formats object is a collection of</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00452"></a><span class="lineno">  452</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  &lt;tt&gt;jsonv::extractor&lt;/tt&gt;s, so we create one of our own and add the \c jsonv::extractor* from the static function of</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00453"></a><span class="lineno">  453</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c my_type. Now, \c local_formats \e only knows how to extract instances of \c my_type -- it does \e not know even</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00454"></a><span class="lineno">  454</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  the most basic things like how to extract an \c int. We use \c jsonv::formats::compose to create a new instance of</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00455"></a><span class="lineno">  455</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c jsonv::formats that combines the qualities of \c local_formats (which knows how to deal with \c my_type) and the</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00456"></a><span class="lineno">  456</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c jsonv::formats::defaults (which knows how to deal with things like \c int and \c std::string). The \c formats</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00457"></a><span class="lineno">  457</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  instance now has the power to do everything we need!</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00458"></a><span class="lineno">  458</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00459"></a><span class="lineno">  459</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00460"></a><span class="lineno">  460</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      my_type x = jsonv::extract&lt;my_type&gt;(val, format);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00461"></a><span class="lineno">  461</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00462"></a><span class="lineno">  462</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00463"></a><span class="lineno">  463</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  This is not terribly different from the example before, but now we are explicitly passing a \c jsonv::formats object</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00464"></a><span class="lineno">  464</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  to the function. If we had not provided \c format as an argument here, the function would have thrown a</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00465"></a><span class="lineno">  465</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c jsonv::extraction_error complaining about how it did not know how to extract a \c my_type.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00466"></a><span class="lineno">  466</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00467"></a><span class="lineno">  467</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \subsection serialization_to_json Serialization with to_json</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00468"></a><span class="lineno">  468</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00469"></a><span class="lineno">  469</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  JSON Voorhees also allows you to convert from your C++ structures into JSON values, using \c jsonv::to_json. It</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00470"></a><span class="lineno">  470</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  should feel like a mirror \c jsonv::extract, with similar argument types and many shared concepts. Just like</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00471"></a><span class="lineno">  471</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  extraction, \c jsonv::to_json uses the \c jsonv::formats class, but it uses a \c jsonv::serializer to convert from</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00472"></a><span class="lineno">  472</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  C++ into JSON.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00473"></a><span class="lineno">  473</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00474"></a><span class="lineno">  474</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00475"></a><span class="lineno">  475</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/serialization.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00476"></a><span class="lineno">  476</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/serialization_util.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00477"></a><span class="lineno">  477</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00478"></a><span class="lineno">  478</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00479"></a><span class="lineno">  479</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00480"></a><span class="lineno">  480</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00481"></a><span class="lineno">  481</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  class my_type</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00482"></a><span class="lineno">  482</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00483"></a><span class="lineno">  483</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  public:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00484"></a><span class="lineno">  484</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      my_type(int a, int b, std::string c) :</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00485"></a><span class="lineno">  485</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              a(a),</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00486"></a><span class="lineno">  486</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              b(b),</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00487"></a><span class="lineno">  487</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              c(std::move(c))</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00488"></a><span class="lineno">  488</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      { }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00489"></a><span class="lineno">  489</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00490"></a><span class="lineno">  490</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      static const jsonv::serializer* get_serializer()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00491"></a><span class="lineno">  491</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00492"></a><span class="lineno">  492</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          static auto instance = jsonv::make_serializer&lt;my_type&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00493"></a><span class="lineno">  493</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                 (</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00494"></a><span class="lineno">  494</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                  [] (const jsonv::serialization_context&amp; context, const my_type&amp; self)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00495"></a><span class="lineno">  495</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00496"></a><span class="lineno">  496</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                      return jsonv::object({ { &quot;a&quot;, context.to_json(self.a) },</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00497"></a><span class="lineno">  497</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                                             { &quot;b&quot;, context.to_json(self.b) },</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00498"></a><span class="lineno">  498</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                                             { &quot;c&quot;, context.to_json(self.c) }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00499"></a><span class="lineno">  499</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                                           }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00500"></a><span class="lineno">  500</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                                          );</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00501"></a><span class="lineno">  501</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00502"></a><span class="lineno">  502</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                                 );</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00503"></a><span class="lineno">  503</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          return &amp;instance;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00504"></a><span class="lineno">  504</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00505"></a><span class="lineno">  505</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00506"></a><span class="lineno">  506</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  private:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00507"></a><span class="lineno">  507</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      int         a;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00508"></a><span class="lineno">  508</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      int         b;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00509"></a><span class="lineno">  509</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::string c;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00510"></a><span class="lineno">  510</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  };</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00511"></a><span class="lineno">  511</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00512"></a><span class="lineno">  512</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00513"></a><span class="lineno">  513</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00514"></a><span class="lineno">  514</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::formats local_formats;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00515"></a><span class="lineno">  515</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      local_formats.register_serializer(my_type::get_serializer());</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00516"></a><span class="lineno">  516</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::formats format = jsonv::formats::compose({ jsonv::formats::defaults(), local_formats });</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00517"></a><span class="lineno">  517</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00518"></a><span class="lineno">  518</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      my_type x(5, 6, &quot;Hello&quot;);</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00519"></a><span class="lineno">  519</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::ostream &lt;&lt; jsonv::to_json(x, format) &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00520"></a><span class="lineno">  520</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00521"></a><span class="lineno">  521</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00522"></a><span class="lineno">  522</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00523"></a><span class="lineno">  523</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Output:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00524"></a><span class="lineno">  524</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00525"></a><span class="lineno">  525</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00526"></a><span class="lineno">  526</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {&quot;a&quot;:5,&quot;b&quot;:6,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;Hello&quot;}</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00527"></a><span class="lineno">  527</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00528"></a><span class="lineno">  528</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00529"></a><span class="lineno">  529</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \subsection serialization_composition Composing Type Adapters</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00530"></a><span class="lineno">  530</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00531"></a><span class="lineno">  531</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Does all this seem a little bit \e manual to you? Creating an \c extractor and \c serializer for every single type</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00532"></a><span class="lineno">  532</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  can get a little bit tedious. Unfortunately, until C++ has a standard way to do reflection, we must specify the</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00533"></a><span class="lineno">  533</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  conversions manually. However, there \e is an easier way! That way is the</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00534"></a><span class="lineno">  534</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \ref serialization_builder_dsl &quot;Serialization Builder DSL&quot;.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00535"></a><span class="lineno">  535</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00536"></a><span class="lineno">  536</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Let&#39;s start with a couple of simple structures:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00537"></a><span class="lineno">  537</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00538"></a><span class="lineno">  538</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00539"></a><span class="lineno">  539</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  struct foo</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00540"></a><span class="lineno">  540</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00541"></a><span class="lineno">  541</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      int         a;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00542"></a><span class="lineno">  542</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      int         b;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00543"></a><span class="lineno">  543</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::string c;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00544"></a><span class="lineno">  544</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  };</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00545"></a><span class="lineno">  545</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00546"></a><span class="lineno">  546</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  struct bar</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00547"></a><span class="lineno">  547</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00548"></a><span class="lineno">  548</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      foo         x;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00549"></a><span class="lineno">  549</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      foo         y;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00550"></a><span class="lineno">  550</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::string z;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00551"></a><span class="lineno">  551</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::string w;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00552"></a><span class="lineno">  552</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  };</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00553"></a><span class="lineno">  553</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00554"></a><span class="lineno">  554</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00555"></a><span class="lineno">  555</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Let&#39;s make a \c formats for them using the DSL:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00556"></a><span class="lineno">  556</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00557"></a><span class="lineno">  557</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00558"></a><span class="lineno">  558</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  jsonv::formats formats =</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00559"></a><span class="lineno">  559</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::formats_builder()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00560"></a><span class="lineno">  560</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          .type&lt;foo&gt;()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00561"></a><span class="lineno">  561</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              .member(&quot;a&quot;, &amp;foo::a)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00562"></a><span class="lineno">  562</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              .member(&quot;b&quot;, &amp;foo::b)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00563"></a><span class="lineno">  563</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                  .default_value(10)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00564"></a><span class="lineno">  564</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              .member(&quot;c&quot;, &amp;foo::c)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00565"></a><span class="lineno">  565</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *          .type&lt;bar&gt;()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00566"></a><span class="lineno">  566</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              .member(&quot;x&quot;, &amp;bar::x)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00567"></a><span class="lineno">  567</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              .member(&quot;y&quot;, &amp;bar::y)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00568"></a><span class="lineno">  568</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              .member(&quot;z&quot;, &amp;bar::z)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00569"></a><span class="lineno">  569</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                  .since(jsonv::version(2, 0))</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00570"></a><span class="lineno">  570</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *              .member(&quot;w&quot;, &amp;bar::w)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00571"></a><span class="lineno">  571</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                  .until(jsonv::version(5, 0))</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00572"></a><span class="lineno">  572</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      ;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00573"></a><span class="lineno">  573</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00574"></a><span class="lineno">  574</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00575"></a><span class="lineno">  575</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  What is going on there? The giant chain of function calls is building up a collection of type adapters into a</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00576"></a><span class="lineno">  576</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c formats for you. The indentation shows the intent -- the &lt;tt&gt;.member(&quot;a&quot;, &amp;foo::a)&lt;/tt&gt; is attached to the type</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00577"></a><span class="lineno">  577</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c adapter for \c foo (if you tried to specify \c &amp;bar::y in that same place, it would fail to compile). Each</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00578"></a><span class="lineno">  578</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  function call returns a reference back to the builder so you can chain as many of these together as you want to. The</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00579"></a><span class="lineno">  579</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c jsonv::formats_builder is a proper object, so if you wish to spread out building your type adapters into multiple</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00580"></a><span class="lineno">  580</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  functions, you can do that by passing around an instance.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00581"></a><span class="lineno">  581</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00582"></a><span class="lineno">  582</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  The two most-used functions are \c type and \c member. \c type defines a \c jsonv::adapter for the C++ class</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00583"></a><span class="lineno">  583</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  provided at the template parameter. All of the calls before the second \c type call modify the adapter for \c foo.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00584"></a><span class="lineno">  584</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  There, we attach members with the \c member function. This tells the \c formats how to encode and extract each of</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00585"></a><span class="lineno">  585</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  the specified members to and from a JSON object using the provided string as the key. The extra function calls like</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00586"></a><span class="lineno">  586</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c default_value, \c since and \c until are just a could of the many functions available to modify how the members</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00587"></a><span class="lineno">  587</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  of the type get transformed.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00588"></a><span class="lineno">  588</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00589"></a><span class="lineno">  589</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  The \c formats we built would be perfectly capable of serializing to and extracting from this JSON document:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00590"></a><span class="lineno">  590</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00591"></a><span class="lineno">  591</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00592"></a><span class="lineno">  592</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00593"></a><span class="lineno">  593</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      &quot;x&quot;: { &quot;a&quot;: 50, &quot;b&quot;: 20, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;Blah&quot; },</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00594"></a><span class="lineno">  594</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      &quot;y&quot;: { &quot;a&quot;: 10,          &quot;c&quot;: &quot;No B?&quot; },</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00595"></a><span class="lineno">  595</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      &quot;z&quot;: &quot;Only serialized in 2.0+&quot;,</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00596"></a><span class="lineno">  596</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      &quot;w&quot;: &quot;Only serialized before 5.0&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00597"></a><span class="lineno">  597</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00598"></a><span class="lineno">  598</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00599"></a><span class="lineno">  599</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00600"></a><span class="lineno">  600</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  For a more in-depth reference, see the \ref serialization_builder_dsl &quot;Serialization Builder DSL page&quot;.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00601"></a><span class="lineno">  601</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00602"></a><span class="lineno">  602</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \section demo_algorithm Algorithms</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00603"></a><span class="lineno">  603</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00604"></a><span class="lineno">  604</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  JSON Voorhees takes a &quot;batteries included&quot; approach. A few building blocks for powerful operations can be found in</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00605"></a><span class="lineno">  605</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  the \c algorithm.hpp header file.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00606"></a><span class="lineno">  606</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00607"></a><span class="lineno">  607</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  One of the simplest operations you can perform is the \c map operation. This operation takes in some \c jsonv::value</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00608"></a><span class="lineno">  608</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  and returns another. Let&#39;s try it.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00609"></a><span class="lineno">  609</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00610"></a><span class="lineno">  610</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00611"></a><span class="lineno">  611</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/algorithm.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00612"></a><span class="lineno">  612</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00613"></a><span class="lineno">  613</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00614"></a><span class="lineno">  614</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00615"></a><span class="lineno">  615</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00616"></a><span class="lineno">  616</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00617"></a><span class="lineno">  617</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00618"></a><span class="lineno">  618</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value x = 5;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00619"></a><span class="lineno">  619</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; jsonv::map([] (const jsonv::value&amp; y) { return y.as_integer() * 2; }, x) &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00620"></a><span class="lineno">  620</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00621"></a><span class="lineno">  621</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00622"></a><span class="lineno">  622</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00623"></a><span class="lineno">  623</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  If everything went right, you should see a number:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00624"></a><span class="lineno">  624</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00625"></a><span class="lineno">  625</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00626"></a><span class="lineno">  626</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  10</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00627"></a><span class="lineno">  627</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00628"></a><span class="lineno">  628</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00629"></a><span class="lineno">  629</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Okay, so that was not very interesting. To be fair, that is not the most interesting example of using \c map, but it</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00630"></a><span class="lineno">  630</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  is enough to get the general idea of what is going on. This operation is so common that it is a member function of</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00631"></a><span class="lineno">  631</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c value as \c jsonv::value::map. Let&#39;s make things a bit more interesting and \c map an \c array...</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00632"></a><span class="lineno">  632</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00633"></a><span class="lineno">  633</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00634"></a><span class="lineno">  634</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00635"></a><span class="lineno">  635</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00636"></a><span class="lineno">  636</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00637"></a><span class="lineno">  637</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00638"></a><span class="lineno">  638</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00639"></a><span class="lineno">  639</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00640"></a><span class="lineno">  640</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; jsonv::array({ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 })</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00641"></a><span class="lineno">  641</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                          .map([] (const jsonv::value&amp; y) { return y.as_integer() * 2; })</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00642"></a><span class="lineno">  642</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00643"></a><span class="lineno">  643</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00644"></a><span class="lineno">  644</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00645"></a><span class="lineno">  645</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00646"></a><span class="lineno">  646</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Now we&#39;re starting to get somewhere!</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00647"></a><span class="lineno">  647</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00648"></a><span class="lineno">  648</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00649"></a><span class="lineno">  649</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  [2,4,6,8,10]</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00650"></a><span class="lineno">  650</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00651"></a><span class="lineno">  651</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00652"></a><span class="lineno">  652</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  The \c map function maps over whatever the contents of the \c jsonv::value happens to be and returns something for</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00653"></a><span class="lineno">  653</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  you based on the \c kind. This simple concept is so ubiquitous that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.disi.unige.it/person/MoggiE/&quot;&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00654"></a><span class="lineno">  654</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Eugenio Moggi&lt;/a&gt; named it a &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/44965/what-is-a-monad&quot;&gt;monad&lt;/a&gt;. If you&#39;re</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00655"></a><span class="lineno">  655</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  feeling adventurous, try using \c map with an \c object or chaining multiple \c map operations together.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00656"></a><span class="lineno">  656</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00657"></a><span class="lineno">  657</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Another common building block is the function \c jsonv::traverse. This function walks a JSON structure and calls a</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00658"></a><span class="lineno">  658</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  some user-provided function.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00659"></a><span class="lineno">  659</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00660"></a><span class="lineno">  660</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00661"></a><span class="lineno">  661</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/algorithm.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00662"></a><span class="lineno">  662</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/parse.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00663"></a><span class="lineno">  663</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00664"></a><span class="lineno">  664</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00665"></a><span class="lineno">  665</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00666"></a><span class="lineno">  666</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00667"></a><span class="lineno">  667</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00668"></a><span class="lineno">  668</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00669"></a><span class="lineno">  669</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::traverse(jsonv::parse(std::cin),</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00670"></a><span class="lineno">  670</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                      [] (const jsonv::path&amp; path, const jsonv::value&amp; value)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00671"></a><span class="lineno">  671</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                      {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00672"></a><span class="lineno">  672</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                          std::cout &lt;&lt; path &lt;&lt; &quot;=&quot; &lt;&lt; value &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00673"></a><span class="lineno">  673</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                      },</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00674"></a><span class="lineno">  674</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                      true</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00675"></a><span class="lineno">  675</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *                     );</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00676"></a><span class="lineno">  676</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00677"></a><span class="lineno">  677</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00678"></a><span class="lineno">  678</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00679"></a><span class="lineno">  679</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Now we have a tiny little program! Here&#39;s what happens when I pipe &lt;tt&gt;{ &quot;bar&quot;: [1, 2, 3], &quot;foo&quot;: &quot;hello&quot; }&lt;/tt&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00680"></a><span class="lineno">  680</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  into the program:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00681"></a><span class="lineno">  681</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00682"></a><span class="lineno">  682</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00683"></a><span class="lineno">  683</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  .bar[0]=1</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00684"></a><span class="lineno">  684</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  .bar[1]=2</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00685"></a><span class="lineno">  685</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  .bar[2]=3</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00686"></a><span class="lineno">  686</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  .foo=&quot;hello&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00687"></a><span class="lineno">  687</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00688"></a><span class="lineno">  688</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00689"></a><span class="lineno">  689</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Imagine the possibilities!</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00690"></a><span class="lineno">  690</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00691"></a><span class="lineno">  691</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  All of the \e really powerful functions can be found in \c util.hpp. My personal favorite is \c jsonv::merge. The</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00692"></a><span class="lineno">  692</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  idea is simple: it merges two (or more) JSON values into one.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00693"></a><span class="lineno">  693</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00694"></a><span class="lineno">  694</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00695"></a><span class="lineno">  695</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/util.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00696"></a><span class="lineno">  696</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;jsonv/value.hpp&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00697"></a><span class="lineno">  697</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00698"></a><span class="lineno">  698</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  #include &lt;iostream&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00699"></a><span class="lineno">  699</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00700"></a><span class="lineno">  700</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  int main()</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00701"></a><span class="lineno">  701</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00702"></a><span class="lineno">  702</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value a = jsonv::object({ { &quot;a&quot;, &quot;taco&quot; }, { &quot;b&quot;, &quot;cat&quot; } });</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00703"></a><span class="lineno">  703</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value b = jsonv::object({ { &quot;c&quot;, &quot;burrito&quot; }, { &quot;d&quot;, &quot;dog&quot; } });</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00704"></a><span class="lineno">  704</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      jsonv::value merged = jsonv::merge(std::move(a), std::move(b));</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00705"></a><span class="lineno">  705</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *      std::cout &lt;&lt; merged &lt;&lt; std::endl;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00706"></a><span class="lineno">  706</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  }</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00707"></a><span class="lineno">  707</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00708"></a><span class="lineno">  708</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00709"></a><span class="lineno">  709</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  Output:</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00710"></a><span class="lineno">  710</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00711"></a><span class="lineno">  711</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \code</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00712"></a><span class="lineno">  712</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  {&quot;a&quot;:&quot;taco&quot;,&quot;b&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;burrito&quot;,&quot;d&quot;:&quot;dog&quot;}</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00713"></a><span class="lineno">  713</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \endcode</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00714"></a><span class="lineno">  714</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00715"></a><span class="lineno">  715</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  You might have noticed the use of \c std::move into the \c merge function. Like most functions in JSON Voorhees,</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00716"></a><span class="lineno">  716</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \c merge takes advantage of move semantics. In this case, the implementation will move the contents of the values</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00717"></a><span class="lineno">  717</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  instead of copying them around. While it may not matter in this simple case, if you have large JSON structures, the</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00718"></a><span class="lineno">  718</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  support for movement will save you a ton of memory.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00719"></a><span class="lineno">  719</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  </span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00720"></a><span class="lineno">  720</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \see https://github.com/tgockel/json-voorhees</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00721"></a><span class="lineno">  721</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> *  \see http://json.org/</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00722"></a><span class="lineno">  722</span>&#160;<span class="comment">**/</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00723"></a><span class="lineno">  723</span>&#160;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00724"></a><span class="lineno">  724</span>&#160;}</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00725"></a><span class="lineno">  725</span>&#160;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00726"></a><span class="lineno">  726</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="algorithm_8hpp.html">algorithm.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00727"></a><span class="lineno">  727</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="coerce_8hpp.html">coerce.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00728"></a><span class="lineno">  728</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="config_8hpp.html">config.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00729"></a><span class="lineno">  729</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="demangle_8hpp.html">demangle.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00730"></a><span class="lineno">  730</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="encode_8hpp.html">encode.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00731"></a><span class="lineno">  731</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="forward_8hpp.html">forward.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00732"></a><span class="lineno">  732</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="functional_8hpp.html">functional.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00733"></a><span class="lineno">  733</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="parse_8hpp.html">parse.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00734"></a><span class="lineno">  734</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="path_8hpp.html">path.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00735"></a><span class="lineno">  735</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="serialization_8hpp.html">serialization.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00736"></a><span class="lineno">  736</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="serialization__builder_8hpp.html">serialization_builder.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00737"></a><span class="lineno">  737</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="serialization__util_8hpp.html">serialization_util.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00738"></a><span class="lineno">  738</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="string__view_8hpp.html">string_view.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00739"></a><span class="lineno">  739</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="tokenizer_8hpp.html">tokenizer.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00740"></a><span class="lineno">  740</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="util_8hpp.html">util.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00741"></a><span class="lineno">  741</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#include &quot;<a class="code" href="value_8hpp.html">value.hpp</a>&quot;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00742"></a><span class="lineno">  742</span>&#160;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00743"></a><span class="lineno">  743</span>&#160;<span class="preprocessor">#endif</span><span class="comment">/*__JSONV_ALL_HPP_INCLUDED__*/</span><span class="preprocessor"></span></div>
<div class="ttc" id="algorithm_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="algorithm_8hpp.html">algorithm.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">A collection of algorithms a la &lt;algorithm&gt;. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="demangle_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="demangle_8hpp.html">demangle.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Copyright (c) 2015 by Travis Gockel. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="serialization__util_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="serialization__util_8hpp.html">serialization_util.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Helper types and functions for serialization. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="serialization__builder_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="serialization__builder_8hpp.html">serialization_builder.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">DSL for building formats. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="config_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="config_8hpp.html">config.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Copyright (c) 2014-2016 by Travis Gockel. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="path_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="path_8hpp.html">path.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Support for JSONPath. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="encode_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="encode_8hpp.html">encode.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Classes and functions for encoding JSON values to various representations. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="forward_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="forward_8hpp.html">forward.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Copyright (c) 2012-2014 by Travis Gockel. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="util_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="util_8hpp.html">util.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Deprecated. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="serialization_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="serialization_8hpp.html">serialization.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Conversion between C++ types and JSON values. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="string__view_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="string__view_8hpp.html">string_view.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Pulls in an implementation of string_view. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="tokenizer_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="tokenizer_8hpp.html">tokenizer.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">A stream-based tokenizer meant to help with creating custom parsers. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="coerce_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="coerce_8hpp.html">coerce.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">A jsonv::value has a number of as_X operators, which strictly performs a transformation to a C++ data...</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="parse_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="parse_8hpp.html">parse.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Copyright (c) 2012-2014 by Travis Gockel. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="value_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="value_8hpp.html">value.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">Copyright (c) 2012-2018 by Travis Gockel. </div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="functional_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="functional_8hpp.html">functional.hpp</a></div><div class="ttdoc">A collection of function objects a la &lt;functional&gt;. </div></div>
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